Charging your EV
Keeping an Electric Vehicle (EV) charged can be easy - it just takes a bit of planning and forming good habits.
Just like owners of petrol cars, some electric car owners like to ‘top up’ regularly, while others prefer to ‘fill up’ when they see the battery getting low. Some EV owners charge at home most of the time, while others rely on charging at work, shopping centres, or public charging stations.
Most people use a combination of charging options. When going on long trips you may need to plan where you are going to charge your EV.
Whether you already own an EV or plan to buy one, the following information will help you develop the best charging solution for your needs and priorities.
Watch our short video below or read our fact sheet Charging your EV at home (PDF 451.3 kb) for a summary of your charging options.
EV charging options
Skip to descriptionIf you’ve bought an EV recently, or are thinking of buying one, this video will help you understand your charging options.
The average distance travelled by passenger vehicles is around 40km per day.
There are many different charging options available. Whether you are at home or travelling on the road, there is an option to suit you.
Some EVs come with three-pin charging cables that can be plugged into 10 and 15-amp power points. Most power points are 10 amps, and it will take approximately 4 hours to charge your EV if you have travelled the average daily distance of 40km. Charging will be faster via a 15-amp power point. Charging an EV at home will increase your electricity bill, however charging should be significantly less than you would have spent on fuel in a combustion engine car. Note, you can connect a power point for EV charging to an economy tariff, which could be even cheaper, but you will lose the ability to charge off your solar PV with this setup.
If you have solar PV and charge your EV during the day, you can save money and maximise the amount of renewable energy that powers your EV. And in the future, you will be able to export some of this stored electricity back to the grid if you have an EV with vehicle to grid capability.
You could charge your EV daily, or less frequently but for longer periods of time. Either way, avoid charging during the peak time of 4pm and 9pm, as it may cost you more on some tariffs.
For faster charging at home, you can install a dedicated charger. Most homes have single phase wiring which allows you to have a 7kW dedicated charger. It will take just over 1 hour to charge your EV after driving 40km. Note, we may need to vary the capacity the charger can operate at when the network is under pressure, so see our website or talk to your licensed electrical contractor for more details, especially if you have solar. If you have 3-phase wiring your dedicated charger can be up to 22kW, allowing even faster charging.
You can also charge your EV at a public charging station. They vary in capacity, and some will charge your EV faster than others. All will charge your EV relatively quickly but may cost more than charging at home.
If you’ve bought an EV recently, or are thinking of buying one, this video will help you understand your charging options.
Safety tip: Well before you bring your new EV home, it’s critical that your proposed charging solution is evaluated by a licensed electrical contractor, ideally one who is experienced in installing EV charging systems (your EV dealer may have some recommendations). They can test and evaluate the wiring from your switchboard to your garage, or other charging location, and advise if any upgrades are needed for your chosen charging arrangement. This helps to ensure the electrical safety of you and your home.
Charging at home options
You can charge your EV from a power outlet (power point), or if you want to charge your EV faster, have a dedicated EV charger installed by an electrician. These devices are known in the industry as Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE) and are usually wall mounted.
Before purchasing your EV, it’s important to speak to your licensed electrical contractor about the charging options and costs available to you.
Access to power to charge your EV is your first consideration for home charging:
- If you don’t have access to power, your immediate charging options will be public charging stations, shopping centres, or charging at work
- If you live in an apartment block and there is nowhere to charge your EV, talk to your body corporate about your options
- If you are renting and there is nowhere to charge your EV, talk to your leasing agent about your options.
Safety tip: Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions and never use a charger that is faulty or has been modified in any way.
Some EVs come with three-pin charging cables that can be plugged into a power point. The rate of charging will depend on the amperage (A) of the power point. Most power points are 10A (2.3kW), and it will take approximately 4 hours to charge your EV if you have travelled the average daily distance of 40km.
Charging will be faster with a 15A (3.4kW) power point. An electrical contractor can install one for you.
These are some options for charging via a power point:
- Day time charging - If you mostly charge during the day and your EV is rarely below half full, then using a power point may meet your EV charging needs. If you have a solar PV system, charging during the day when your solar PV system is generating may help you to save on your energy costs.
- Overnight charging - If you regularly charge overnight and your EV battery is rarely below half full, then using a power point may meet your EV charging needs.
- Time-of-use tariffs - Charging during the off-peak periods of a time of use tariff may help you to save on your energy costs. A lot of EVs all starting to charge at the same time can cause issues. If you are taking advantage of a Time of Use tariff for your EV charging, use your timer to start your EV charging 5 - 15 minutes after the off-peak rate starts, which will help ensure you are charging at the cheapest rate.
- Economy tariffs - You can connect a power point for EV charging to an economy tariff, but you will lose the ability to charge off your solar PV system with this setup.
Safety tip: The electricity demand of a charging EV can be high, even if only charging from a power point. Power point circuits are not typically designed to take such a high load for an extended period. A dedicated EV charger installed by a licensed electrical contractor may provide you with a safer solution, with a lower risk of electrical overload at your home.
Many EV owners choose to install a dedicated EV charger in their garage or chosen charging location, usually wall mounted. The advantages are:
- Faster charging - The Tesla Model 3 will charge from 20% to 80% in around 7 hours, more than three times faster than charging from a power point. This can be handy when the car is used often and/or not at home for long periods, or you don’t want to be plugging it in regularly
- Three-phase charging - If your home has three-phase electrical wiring, you can install a three-phase EV charger for the fastest and most convenient at-home charging possible.
Most homes have single-phase electrical wiring. More information is below for single-phase and three-phase wiring.
Most residential connections within homes have single-phase wiring, which allows you to have a 32A (7kW) dedicated EV charger. There are three options to choose from to install a dedicated charger on single-phase wiring.
All these options require a licensed electrical contractor to undertake work at your premises.
Option 1: Economy tariff
Economy tariffs are great for appliances that don't need a constant supply of power. They can be cheaper because the supply on these tariffs is interruptible and the network manages the times when power is available.
The time of day this will occur may change from day to day and vary in duration and location. Economy tariff 33 (sometimes referred to as a controlled load tariff) has a minimum of 18 hours of power supply available per day, which is typically only interrupted during the evening in summer. This option won’t allow you to charge off a solar PV system.
Option 2: Primary tariff with a dynamic connection
Dynamic connections are a new technology where there is two-way communication between the dedicated EV charger and us. With this connection type you can charge off your solar PV system and take advantage of a time-of-use tariff.
You can charge your EV at any time, however if there is high demand on the network during peak times, we may reduce the charging rate via a signal through a third party EVSE solution provider.
This may be directly to your charger, or to a device installed on your charger (the EV charger will still have a minimum supply of 1.5kW). These peak times are typically during the late afternoon or early evening. All power usage is charged at your primary tariff rate.
Option 3: Primary tariff with basic active management
This option also allows you to charge off a solar PV system, with a network device installed in the meter board and connected directly to your EV charger. There is no charge from us for the installation of the network device – depending on your switchboard, your electrical contractor may need to undertake work to make it suitable to have the network device installed.
The device may be operated if the network is under pressure, to turn off power to the circuit supplying the dedicated EV charger. These supply interruptions are generally during the late afternoon or early evening peak period and only when the network is in high demand.
With this connection type, your dedicated EV charger is connected to your primary tariff and energy usage is charged at that rate. It’s not available in some areas, such as remote communities, and you can use our NMI* Search tool to check your premises.
*Your premises National Metering Identifier (NMI) can be found on your electricity bill.
Since December 2017, metering rules were amended such that new or replacement meters must be smart meters, however there are some exceptions to this general rule. You should consult with your electricity retailer to understand this.
If your premises does not already have a smart meter, requesting the installation of a network device (relay) may result in the metering being upgraded at your installation. You should consult with your electricity retailer to understand if this upgrade will result in any changes to your retail electricity tariff. You can visually check if you have a smart meter already installed by looking for a communications antenna connected to the meter or by contacting your electricity retailer.
If you have three-phase wiring in your home, you can install a dedicated charger up to 22kW, if it is connected and switched simultaneously across all three phases. This setup will allow for much faster charging, and does not require active device management.
If you don’t have three-phase wiring in your home, talk to your licensed electrical contractor about whether you can upgrade your wiring and the costs involved.
Many EV owners also have a solar PV system and are keen to run their EV on renewable energy as much as possible.
However, many EVs consume much more power than the existing solar PV system can provide. And it’s often challenging to charge an EV in the middle of the day when there is most likely to be excess solar power.
The average EV uses around 10kWh/day. The average 5kW solar PV system generates around 23kWh/day and exports around half of that to the grid. Therefore, if you want to maximise charging your EV from renewable energy, you’ll need to prioritise charging in the middle of the day, almost every day.
Another option is to install a battery energy storage system to store your renewable energy, so you can use it to charge your EV at night. This is an expensive investment, and the entire EV/PV/battery system needs to be carefully designed by an experienced professional to optimise the benefits and minimise the upfront and ongoing costs.
Consider where you install an EV charger and allow for multiple EVs to be charged in the future. An option may be to have a dedicated 32A charger and a power point. This allows for simultaneous and rotational charging.
Also think about the impact on your existing household energy load if two EVs are charged simultaneously.
Remember, be mindful when using other high-powered appliances at the same time as charging your EV, so you don’t overload your network connection. Two 15A power points on a dedicated circuit used simultaneously could be more suitable than one 32A charger shared by two EVs.
Consider your charging options at home before purchasing your EV and talk to a specialist EV dedicated charger installer, or a licensed electrical contractor, for advice on options and costs.
When you first purchase your EV, it’s also a good idea to charge your EV via a power point for a few months until you have a better understanding of your charging needs and whether you think you need to have a dedicated charger installed.
Some electricity retailers offer attractive rates for EV charging, so make sure you do some research on what’s available in your area.
A lot of EVs all starting to charge at the same time can cause issues. If you are taking advantage of a Time of Use tariff for your EV charging, use your timer to start your EV charging 5 - 15 minutes after the off-peak rate starts, which will help ensure you are charging at the cheapest rate.
Safety tip: Be prepared for some potential additional costs when setting up your EV charging, to cover upgrades to your switchboard, wiring, electricity metering and electrical safety measures if needed. You also need to consider the practicalities of charging at home, e.g. can you provide a suitably weatherproof and secure environment for charging?
Charging away from home
Charge your EV at public charging stations or possibly even at work.
The number of public EV charging stations in Queensland is increasing in both towns and on popular travel routes. You can generally charge your EV at a much faster rate at these charging stations than you could at home.
The rate of charge can vary from 25kW to 350kW DC, allowing you to charge your EV from low to full in as little as 30 minutes. However, the maximum rate of charge will be determined by your EV’s capability.
Check with the EV manufacturer or dealer for specific details and compatibility with various types of public charging stations. Different EVs have different standard plug types that may not be compatible with all charging stations. Adapter cables are available to increase your charging options if necessary.
Some EV dealers offer free charging to some customers for a period of time, at specific charging stations, as part of the EV purchase.
Some businesses, like hotels, tourist attractions and shopping centres, provide free or subsidised EV charging to their customers while using their business’s services. Other commercial public EV charging providers charge 20 to 50 cents/kWh.
Check out the public charging stations near you, and on your potential routes, by searching EV route planners. More stations are being added all the time.
Some employers may be happy for you to charge at work when you need to, either from a dedicated EV charger or a power point. Always check with your employer before charging your EV at work.
Planning long trips
If you’d like to take a long trip in your EV, that’s quite feasible in most areas of Australia. You just need to research where public EV charging stations are by searching EV route planners to determine what type they are, and roughly how long it will take you to recharge based on the kilometres travelled.
You can then plan your breaks and overnight stays, and even your route, based on the charging locations. There’s a network of charging stations from Brisbane north to Cairns and west to Toowoomba. Phase 3 of the Queensland Electric Super Highway, nearing completion, will also introduce additional fast public charging stations throughout regional Queensland.
Always check with accommodation providers before using their electricity and power outlet to charge your EV. If you’re visiting people, they may allow you to charge at their home.
Optimising your EV battery life
Talk to your electric car dealer or manufacturer for more guidance on best battery management for your particular car.
Footnotes
- A "home" includes single detached house, flats, townhouses, units, duplexes and apartment blocks.